Raziyeh Sadat Seyyed Khorasani; Mohsen Qasempour; Khadijeh Hosseinzadeh
Abstract
One of the controversial and fundamental issues in the interpretation of the Qur'an is the completeness of the Qur'an. Comprehensiveness is one of the important foundations of interpretation, and there is a difference of opinion in its methods and examples, so that each of the commentators, by citing ...
Read More
One of the controversial and fundamental issues in the interpretation of the Qur'an is the completeness of the Qur'an. Comprehensiveness is one of the important foundations of interpretation, and there is a difference of opinion in its methods and examples, so that each of the commentators, by citing evidence in each of the fields of inherent and comparative comprehensiveness, have become inclined towards one of the perspectives of comprehensiveness. Examining the views of Ayatollah Javadi and Ayatollah Misbah as influential commentators of the contemporary period can open the way to solve some theoretical issues in the field of religious thought and practice. The present article tries to explain, analyze and evaluate the views of these two thinkers in two areas of comprehensiveness with a descriptive and analytical method and with library collection. According to the works of Ayatollah Javadi, two conditions are necessary in the realm of inherent comprehensiveness. By examining the works of Ayatollah Misbah, we can also find that he accepts the moderate view of the comprehensiveness of the Qur'an in the two areas of intrinsic and comparative comprehensiveness; Because the Qur'an was revealed in the direction of human guidance and nothing has been omitted in this regard and although the main point of view of these two contemporary commentators is acceptable and can be proved, but from another point of view, these attitudes are faced with considerations and rather shortcomings that are addressed in this essay.IntroductionOne of the controversial and fundamental issues in the interpretation of the Qur'an is the question of the comprehensiveness of the Qur'an. Comprehensiveness is one of the important fundamentals of interpretation, and there is a difference of opinion in its methods and examples, in a way that each of the commentators has become inclined towards one of the views of comprehensiveness by citing evidence in each of the fields of inherent and comparative comprehensiveness.The comprehensiveness of this holy book is sometimes compared to other books of divine religions respecting the scope of the discussions and topics discussed in the divine books in relation to the religious and non-religious areas of human life, which is called comparative comprehensiveness, and sometimes comprehensiveness per se without comparison with other divine books respecting inclusiveness and comprehensiveness of Quranic verses in relation to religious and non-religious fields of human life, which is called the inherent comprehensiveness of Quran.Scholars have presented three general views about the inherent comprehensiveness of the Qur'an: extreme (Tafriti), moderate (I’tidali), and minimal (Tafriti) comprehensiveness. According to the extreme point of view, all human and natural sciences exist in the appearance of the words of the Qur'an; therefore, the Qur'an includes general and partial issues, humanities and empirical sciences, history, etc. Among those who believe this point of view, Ibn Mas’ud, Feyz Kashani, and Alusi can be mentioned. In the extreme view, the Qur'an is neither responsible for human sciences, nor includes everything in the religious category, but it has comprehensiveness in expressing the general values and Shariah rulings; among those who hold this view, Sheikh Tusi; Zamakhshari; Fakhr Razi; Ibn Ashur can be mentioned. From a moderate point of view, the Qur'an expresses general principles and values, and accordingly, a legal, political, social, etc. system can be defined. This view has three different interpretations: comprehensiveness in the category of guidance and education, and comprehensiveness for the special audiences. i.e. the Prophet and the infallibles, and comprehensiveness about the rules of religion; Darwazeh, Allameh Tabatabai and Makarem are among those who hold this view. Examining the views of Ayatollah Javadi and Ayatollah Misbah as influential commentators and Quran scholars of the contemporary period can be the solution to some theoretical issues in the field of religious thought and practice.Literature Review Several researches have been conducted regarding the comprehensiveness and explanation of the views of different thinkers; but among them, Ayatollah Javadi's point of view and Allameh Misbah's point of view have not been investigated. For example, in the article “A Comparative View on the Comprehensiveness of the Qur'an from the Point of View of Shahid Motahari and Ayatollah Javadi” and the article “The Comprehensiveness of the Qur'an from the Point of View of Allameh Tabatabai and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli in a Comparative View” the authors did not mention Ayatollah Javadi's approach to the inherent and comparative comprehensiveness. Also, the analytical and comparative review of the views of Ayatollah Javadi and Allameh Misbah has not been addressed in any article. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct independent research in this field, know the views of these two thinkers, and compare their views with each other.MethodologyThe present article tries to explain, analyze, and evaluate the views of these two thinkers in two areas of comprehensiveness with a descriptive and analytical method and by collecting data via desk study.ConclusionAccording to their works, both thinkers agree on the comparative comprehensiveness of the Qur'an and both of them consider the Qur'an to be more complete than other divine books and contain all the issues and knowledge useful for worldly and hereafter happiness. But regarding the inherent comprehensiveness, there is a little difference of opinion.Ayatollah Javadi accepts the view of the comprehensiveness of the Qur'an in the two areas of inherent comprehensiveness and comparative comprehensiveness. In the field of inherent comprehensiveness, he admits that he accepted maximal comprehensiveness with two conditions; one is that the instructions of the Qur'an include the appearance (Zahir), inside (Batin), Tanzil, and Ta’wil of this book, and the other is that these instructions are provided by the infallible. By referring to various proofs such as the contents of verse 79 of Nahl and similar verses, and infallible narrations, he has asserted his point of view. Also, the holder of this theory clearly states that this theory should not be a justification for imposing human knowledge on the Qur'an.In the field of comparative comprehensiveness, citing the immortality and supremacy of the Qur'an over other holy books, he accepted the Qur'an including the range of issues and the completeness of the Qur'an's expression in every issue, and explained the possibility of the Torah's comprehensiveness only in the issues of guidance.In terms of evaluation, by analyzing this point of view, the basis of this theory can be considered to be the acceptance of the religious nature of all sciences; because according to this commentator, all sciences are involved in human happiness. Also, although in general, the principle of the view of this contemporary wise commentator is acceptable and can be proved, some of his reasons are not without weaknesses, and on the other hand, other narrative reasons can be presented in support of this extreme theory.Ayatollah Misbah also accepts the moderate view of the comprehensiveness of the Qur'an in the two areas of intrinsic comprehensiveness and comparative comprehensiveness. He does not consider all sciences to be involved in human happiness, and he has considered demarcation among sciences. Some sciences look after the happiness of man and some look after his worldly and material needs. The Qur'an seeks to satisfy the basic needs of man. The Holy Quran has answered all the needs for the happiness of mankind in this world and in the hereafter, sometimes in detail and sometimes in brief.Ayatollah Misbah is committed to this point of view considering the guidance role of the Qur'an and his arguments were within religion and based on verses and hadiths.This research, while explaining the principle of the view of these Quranic thinkers and evaluating it properly, has achieved the fact that although the principle of the view of these two contemporary wise commentators and thinkers is acceptable and can be proven, from another point of view, these views are faced with considerations and shortcomings, which are discussed in this essay.
Majid Sadeghi mazidi; Soraya Ghasemi
Abstract
One of the most prominent human needs in social life is to live in an environment that always enjoys fairness and justice in society. Social justice makes people grow in the light of valuable teachings and laws. On the other hand, social justice is one of the important goals of Islam and its importance ...
Read More
One of the most prominent human needs in social life is to live in an environment that always enjoys fairness and justice in society. Social justice makes people grow in the light of valuable teachings and laws. On the other hand, social justice is one of the important goals of Islam and its importance is to the extent that it is considered one of the foundations of the Shia religion. In this essay, an attempt is made to examine social justice from the perspective of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and Allameh Tabataba'i. According to these two views, all human beings want justice, and justice exists as an important component in the entire structure of existence and causes the growth of the individual and society as well as the continuation of individual and social life. In this research, which was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method, in addition to the difference of views on some issues, we can see the most important results between the two views in "rational analysis of social life", "jihad", "resolving differences", "order to establish installments and justice" In human societies" and "Relationship between law and law".
Mohammadhosein Bayat; Najmeh Qorbani afkham; Abbas Ashrafi
Abstract
In many surahs, the Qur'an deals with the events of the past generations. Various aspects of these stories can be explored, one of the most important of which is the miraculous and extraordinary affairs that have been considered in the context of various events. Some rely on these stories based on the ...
Read More
In many surahs, the Qur'an deals with the events of the past generations. Various aspects of these stories can be explored, one of the most important of which is the miraculous and extraordinary affairs that have been considered in the context of various events. Some rely on these stories based on the interpretation that science provides about the events of the world around human beings. They believe that the recounting of extraordinary affairs in the Qur'an's stories, in spite of the fact that the empirical science has been discovered and the explanation of many events, along with the advancement of human science and the emergence of different theories, can in many cases cause doubt in these stories. In contrast, another group of commentators has emphasized the existence of a miracle element in the stories of the Qur'an and accepted it. Ayatollah Javadi Amoli is one of the commentators who, based on various arguments, criticized the views of the disbelievers. Analyzing his opinions in this area, using the descriptive-analytical method as well as the chart tool, reveals the bases and arguments in confronting the opposing miracle approaches in the stories of the Qur'an, which is considered in the present paper.
Elahe Hadian Resnani
Abstract
This is an applied research which seeks to evaluate the scientific and practical perfection of man in the Quran and mysticism. In this research with an analytic method, we try to answer: What components influence the scientific and practical perfection of man and have made him seize the opportunity to ...
Read More
This is an applied research which seeks to evaluate the scientific and practical perfection of man in the Quran and mysticism. In this research with an analytic method, we try to answer: What components influence the scientific and practical perfection of man and have made him seize the opportunity to live in this world which is the best time to train and nurture his soul? And what are the strategies of Quran and mysticism about it? The following findings were made after collecting and analyzing the data using a library approach. Based on the primary classification and attitude of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, unlike some other classifications of mystics such as Ebne Arabi’s classification, humans are not divided into perfect humans and animal humans. However, they Believe humans, unlike animals, have two ranks. Due to a high position before Allah, and in order to get away from the animal trait, they must have a ripen process, which is the purpose of the creation. In their opinion, for various reasons such as his rank as Caliph of Allah, and descendent and ascendant arcs, human has dignity over other creatures. Thus, with the ripen process, human has the potentiality to move towards the non-finite divine aim.
