mohamad hoseyn bayat
Abstract
In this paper we first briefly review the attitude of Peripatetic philosophers and their latest findings regarding the proofs for the existence of God based on the proof of the righteous and the demonstration of necessity and possibility. Next comes Mollasadra's specific attitude toward the proof of ...
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In this paper we first briefly review the attitude of Peripatetic philosophers and their latest findings regarding the proofs for the existence of God based on the proof of the righteous and the demonstration of necessity and possibility. Next comes Mollasadra's specific attitude toward the proof of the righteous. The important point is that the author of the paper has investigated the roots of Mollasadra's thought and has illustrated under the influence of what factors he has adopted such an attitude.
mansour pahlavan; hamed shariati niasar
Abstract
Although agnates' authority has no place in Twelvers' traditions and jurisprudence, many of the commentators of Nahj al-Balāgha, based on the wise saying, إِذَا بَلَغَ النِّسَاءُ نَصَّ الْحَقَائقِ فَالْعَصَبَةُ أَوْلَى have discussed the priority ...
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Although agnates' authority has no place in Twelvers' traditions and jurisprudence, many of the commentators of Nahj al-Balāgha, based on the wise saying, إِذَا بَلَغَ النِّسَاءُ نَصَّ الْحَقَائقِ فَالْعَصَبَةُ أَوْلَى have discussed the priority of agnates, in the act of marriage, over the maternal authority. While opposing traditions in this regard are more than enumeration limit and the brevity of this tradition causes the imposition of their own opinion on Nahj al-Balāgha. Moreover, this tradition has an explicit, clear and correct meaning to which the commentators and translators have been oblivious; this unnoticed meanings is pertinent to the terms haqā’iq ('حقائق') and asaba ('agnates'). haqā’iq is the plural of haqiqa ('حقیقه') and refers to a person who needs to be protected and 'agnates' refers to those who provide this protection.
abas ashrafi; sehyla rezaai
Abstract
By the function of religion we mean its services for and effects on the society. This paper aims at a comparative study of the views of the Qur'an and the New Testament on the ideological function of religion. The New Testament and the Qur'an agree on the fact that only the United God is the creator ...
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By the function of religion we mean its services for and effects on the society. This paper aims at a comparative study of the views of the Qur'an and the New Testament on the ideological function of religion. The New Testament and the Qur'an agree on the fact that only the United God is the creator and the object of worship. Although the Christians, contrary to the explicit text of their Holy Book, the Bible, believe in Trinity, both the Bible and the Qur'an acknowledge Divine Unity and resurrection, and are similar in their descriptions of the Hell and the Heaven. However, they diverge on their definition and interpretation of the worlds after death and on how resurrection takes place. The New Testament describes the religious tasks of the prophets to be of an invitation type and aimed at the life to come, whereas the Qur'an introduces two goals for the messengers: one related to this material life and the other one related to the Hereafter; that is, the prophets are appointed to invite people to monotheism, and to guide them to achieve prosperity and establish justice, or in other words to felicitous and honorable material life.
Mohammad Ali Tabataba’i; Abdolhadi Masoudi; Mohammad Ali Mahdavi-Rad
Abstract
Among the Quranic verses which are cited to demonstrate the falsification (taḥrīf) of the Bible according to the Quran, there are two types of expressions; first, the verses speaking of “substitution” (tabdīl), plus the verse referring to “inscription of the Book” by Jews. ...
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Among the Quranic verses which are cited to demonstrate the falsification (taḥrīf) of the Bible according to the Quran, there are two types of expressions; first, the verses speaking of “substitution” (tabdīl), plus the verse referring to “inscription of the Book” by Jews. Using the methods of Semantics and Pragmatics on the ground of intertextuality, this paper aims to analyze these verses. This survey shows that there is no meaningful relationship between “substitution” verses and Biblical falsification, because the former is solely related to an oral subject, and hence irrelevant to the written scriptures, such as the Bible. Nor “inscription” could be considered as referring to taḥrīf, because of grammatical obstacles. A close analysis shows that the “Book” mentioned in this verse is the Torah, rather than a spurious book forged by Jews, and the verse speaks of a Jewish belief regarding the inscription of Moses’ Tablets by the finger of God. Hence, it can be concluded that neither verse admits the idea of Biblical falsification.
Abdul Rasoul Hosseinizadeh; Seyyed Fazlollah Mirzeinali
Abstract
One of the surahs that have been disputed about its revelation or gradual revelation is Surah An'am. In this research, the descriptive-analytic view of Surah An'am has been proved by a descriptive-analytical method based on solid reasons. Proof of the repulsive descent of this surah is possible in two ...
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One of the surahs that have been disputed about its revelation or gradual revelation is Surah An'am. In this research, the descriptive-analytic view of Surah An'am has been proved by a descriptive-analytical method based on solid reasons. Proof of the repulsive descent of this surah is possible in two ways; relying on the single context and internal coherence of the surah and quoting the narrations indicating the revelation of the surah. The view of the repulsive revelation of Surah An'am with the narrations of exceptions indicates that some verses of the Surah are civil and also the narrations causing the revelation which if it has the correct conditions indicate the gradual revelation of the Surah and the theory of incoherence of the Surah which has been proposed by Nold is in doubt. In this article, the pieces of evidence of repulsive and gradual descent are evaluated and the view of the repulsive descent of the surah is proved. Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that the narrative evidence of the gradual revelation of Surah An'am due to the weakness of the document and the text, and Noldek's view that the surah is inconsistent due to lack of conviction do not prove the theory of gradual revelation of Surah An'am. On the contrary, the reasons for the repulsive descent of the surah are accepted due to its conditions of accuracy and strength, and therefore the view of the repulsive descent of the blessed surah of An'am is proved.
Hassan Rezaee Haftadur; Mohammad Qasemi Shoob; Safar Nasirian
Abstract
Nowadays, the discussion of religion territory is one of the important and challenging debates in the Islamic world. Sayyid Aḥmad Khān Hindī has been the first thinker who followed his contemporary orientalists in talking about the boundaries of the Quran and sunna territory. The viewpoints that ...
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Nowadays, the discussion of religion territory is one of the important and challenging debates in the Islamic world. Sayyid Aḥmad Khān Hindī has been the first thinker who followed his contemporary orientalists in talking about the boundaries of the Quran and sunna territory. The viewpoints that Sayyid Aḥmad Khān has provided in defining the boundaries of the Quran and sunna territory can be examined and evaluated in four directions, namely, sunna is the spirit of the divine message and its interpretation, and is similar to the Bible in this regard, sunna is mainly measured by intellect, and the otherworldly matters comprise the only arena of sunna revelation. However, there are some important criticisms against his viewpoints. First, he likens the sunna revelation to the Bible revelation, while there exist important differences between the two. Second, his consideration of the details of the sunna revelation as stemming from exegesis arises from Sayyid Aḥmad Khān’s viewpoint on the nature of revelation and his attribution of a human source to it. Third, adopting a strategic viewpoint to the qur’ānic verses leads us to the point that the human is created by God, and his will existentially and legally depends on His will; therefore, despite having the grace of intellect, he faces limitations in all paths of knowledge. Fourth, his viewpoint on revelation is similar to the Christian thinkers’ stance in this regard, and this viewpoint does not agree with the infallibility of the prophets.
Mohammadhosein Bayat
Abstract
The issue of the exterior and interior of the Holy Qur'an has been and still is the subject of Muslim opinion from the time of the Holy Prophet until now. Considering this point, many hadiths have been issued from the words of the Holy Prophet, Hazrat Amir, and other Imams (AS) in this regard. These ...
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The issue of the exterior and interior of the Holy Qur'an has been and still is the subject of Muslim opinion from the time of the Holy Prophet until now. Considering this point, many hadiths have been issued from the words of the Holy Prophet, Hazrat Amir, and other Imams (AS) in this regard. These hadiths are frequent or at least Mostafīz (diffused), such as the noble prophetic hadith «ان للقرآن ظهراً و بطنا و لبطنه بطنا الی سبعة أبطن» "Ennal Qur'an Zahran, wa Batna, wa Labatna Batna, ela Sabah Abtn" which was narrated through al-Furiqin. Maulavi spoke in detail about this hadith in Masnavi, which we have quoted in the text of the article. He said at the beginning of his speech: Know the words of the Qur'an, which are external/below the external, the interior is just Cairo. Many verses also express the exterior and interior of the Holy Quran. As in the verse "Indeed is the Holy Qur'an, in a hidden book, it is not touched except by the pure" (Waqeeh/77-79). In this article, firstly by referring to the verses and narrations and the sayings of famous Islamic mystics and philosophers, the interior and different levels of the Holy Quran have been proven, then the quality of the relationship between the exterior and interior of the Quran has been discussed.
Ali Hasanbeigi
Abstract
Methodical understanding of hadith" depends on the application of "rules of understanding". On the other hand, simply applying the rules of understanding does not lead to the realization of methodical understanding, but it is also necessary to pay attention to the disadvantages of understanding. Ignoring ...
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Methodical understanding of hadith" depends on the application of "rules of understanding". On the other hand, simply applying the rules of understanding does not lead to the realization of methodical understanding, but it is also necessary to pay attention to the disadvantages of understanding. Ignoring the harms of understanding disrupts the methodical understanding of the hadith, and it takes the researcher away from the speaker's main intention. One of the disadvantages of understanding hadith is neglecting the source of hadith. The following article seeks to calculate the consequences of neglecting the source of hadith. With the effort that was made, it became clear that so far no writing has been published about the contexts and consequences of neglecting the source of hadith. This research, which was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, has come to the conclusion that according to the mentioned method, The grounds of neglecting the source of Hadith are: miswriting, distortion, fragmentation, illusion of the narrator, substitution and synonymy. Also, the consequences of not paying attention to the sources of hadith include: perception of conflict between hadith, incorrect understanding of hadith, creation of problems in hadith, perception of meaninglessness of hadith and generalization.
Kamran Oveisi; saeed farhang
Abstract
The issue of the first Surah of Nazlah has been researched by Quran scholars and finally, according to the relevant evidences, one of the Surahs of Mudassar, Alaq, Hamad has been chosen as the first Surah of Nazlah. Those who say the descending priority of Surah Hamad have insisted on numerous evidences; ...
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The issue of the first Surah of Nazlah has been researched by Quran scholars and finally, according to the relevant evidences, one of the Surahs of Mudassar, Alaq, Hamad has been chosen as the first Surah of Nazlah. Those who say the descending priority of Surah Hamad have insisted on numerous evidences; Such as the establishment of prayer by the Prophet (pbuh) and his companions and the hadith "La salata ila bifatiha e al-kitab". The purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between the legalization of prayer and the hadith "la salata illa bifatiha e al-kitab" with the first verses and surahs of the revelation, in order to give credibility to The suspicion is the result of the dating of the first verses or Surahs of the Nazlah. By examining the relationship between these two reasons in a descriptive-analytical way in determining the first Surah of the Nazlah and reflecting on the justifications mentioned against them, it is known that there is no need for the revelation to be the first. He proved Surah Al-Hamd based on those two reasons. Referring to the common method in the collection of narrations indicating the first verses and Surah Nazla, it can be said that the first five verses of Surah Al-Alak were revealed at the beginning of Baath and then verses from the first of Surah Mudassar. Surah Hamad is considered to be the first fully revealed Surah.
mandana parastandehkhial; ali sameni
Abstract
Some verses of the Qur'an can create problems in the mind of the audience at first glance. Some of these are verses that relate to the discussion of the good and the bad of reason. The goodness and ugliness of deeds and their consequences, firstly in the dimension of moral issues and secondly as a mental ...
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Some verses of the Qur'an can create problems in the mind of the audience at first glance. Some of these are verses that relate to the discussion of the good and the bad of reason. The goodness and ugliness of deeds and their consequences, firstly in the dimension of moral issues and secondly as a mental presupposition and practical model need a foundation of action and framework. The necessity of this research is justified by the elimination of the forms formed in the verse, because verse 34 of Surah Al-Mutaffafin, "So that those who believe in the unbelievers may be judged", means that there is no way for the believers to go to Paradise. This research, in the position of collecting data by library method and in the stage of data processing by analytical-descriptive method, seeks to answer the desired unknowns and at the same time prove the meaning of the verse on mockery with two ethical and philosophical approaches.
Abstract
Denominations of Islam are in complete disagreement with each other when it comes to Imamate; a subject that has been studied by the prominent Islamic interpreters throughout the history. Shia and Sunni are the largest denominations of Islam and in choosing Imam, the former considers the text of the ...
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Denominations of Islam are in complete disagreement with each other when it comes to Imamate; a subject that has been studied by the prominent Islamic interpreters throughout the history. Shia and Sunni are the largest denominations of Islam and in choosing Imam, the former considers the text of the Holy Qur’an as the source of reference and the later believes in Bay’ah (oath of allegiance) and consensus. Moreover, different branches of Shia Islam have contradictory views on the subject of Imamate. Some has an indirect reference to the subject of Imamate; i.e. no specific person is selected as Imam and only the characteristics of such a person are clarified, while others have asserted that Imams are not impeccable. However, Twelver Shia believes that Imamate is proven by the principle of Lutf (grace). In addition, they verify the impeccability of Imam by reasoning and interpretations of Imams sayings. The researcher has studied the most significant arguments of Twelver Shia and then has proved the impeccability of Imam by Quranic verses and narrations (Imams’ sayings). The current paper has tried to study the concept from a new perspective and it was based on the book, Al-Hujjat Usūl al-Kāfī that has been neglected in the former studies.
mansour pahlevan; ghassem faez; abbas khabiri
Abstract
The importance of the discussion regarding the essence of Quran arises primarily from the fact that part of the meanings and teachings of Quran are related to the essence of verses, and, also, the eternity of Quran has a collateral relationship with its essence. The essence of Quran can be studied from ...
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The importance of the discussion regarding the essence of Quran arises primarily from the fact that part of the meanings and teachings of Quran are related to the essence of verses, and, also, the eternity of Quran has a collateral relationship with its essence. The essence of Quran can be studied from different aspects, though the first step in this regard is to understand the nature of Quran’s essence; an action which not only is efficient in understanding the range and levels of Quran’s essence but also plays an important role in understanding a correct way to interpret Quran and deal correctly with interpretive narrations. In different eras, scholars in various fields of Islamic sciences have proposed different definitions for the essence of Quran, but it can be derived from hadiths that this essence is both the concealed meanings of the verses and the teachings which cannot be initially understood. The present paper aims to investigate the conceptology of the essence of Quran based on narrations. As a result of this research, it can be concluded that the essence of Quran in narrations has been proposed in three forms: the evidence of verses, different meanings concealed from the words of verses and the deep meanings of Quran.
mansour pahlevan; mahmoud kheirolahi; zahra kheirolahi
Abstract
Abstract especially by scholars of epistemology and discourse. Pursuing this issue will have a great effect in epistemological foundations, religious and even ethical beliefs. With this viewpoint, the verses of Quran, especially Miqat (Surah Al’Araf/143) have been analyzed. The meeting of Moses ...
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Abstract especially by scholars of epistemology and discourse. Pursuing this issue will have a great effect in epistemological foundations, religious and even ethical beliefs. With this viewpoint, the verses of Quran, especially Miqat (Surah Al’Araf/143) have been analyzed. The meeting of Moses with God, having the privilege of talking to God and seeing his face is the main point of discussion of this verse. Plus, God’s manifest on a mountain and the fainting of Moses has attracted the attention of notable scholars. These points have made the authors to conduct an investigation to evaluate and criticize different views, especially the issue of Enreaty for Sighting.
mohamad kazem shaker; Nancy Saki
Abstract
Abstract The issue of the finalization of Quran’s text in the past few decades, from the viewpoint of western Quran scholars known as revisionists, has been criticized. This group, with John Wensbrough as their head, the author of Quran Studies, and his students, have skeptically reviewed all the ...
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Abstract The issue of the finalization of Quran’s text in the past few decades, from the viewpoint of western Quran scholars known as revisionists, has been criticized. This group, with John Wensbrough as their head, the author of Quran Studies, and his students, have skeptically reviewed all the documents and sources of Muslims that are used in the finalization of the text of Quran. One of these sources is the Islamic narratives which, in the eyes of traditional orientalists such as Noldke and Shwaly, are historical documents with a pivotal role in solving this issue. On the other side, proponents of revision consider these narratives invalid and have created a challenge in the path of Islamic sources, the most important of them being the Quran. In recent years, some western Islam scholars, with their pioneer being Harold Mutsky, have regarded these narratives as valid historical documents by criticizing the viewpoint of revisionists. Harold Mutsky, by criticizing the views of his predecessors and contemporaries, by dating the narratives and collecting and codifying the Quran, has determined the finalization of Quran’s text to be the third quarter of the first century, which shows the finalization of Quran to be after the passing of the Prophet (pbuh). In this paper, in addition to describing his method his dating and codifying the Quran, we have complemented the results of these narratives in finalization of Quran’s text. Afterwards, by considering other narrative evidences, the results of dating during the third quarter of the first century has been reinforced.
davood memari; fatemeh khamda
Abstract
Abstract In religious language, God is superior existence and not only the sacred essence of theology, but his attributes and his word, in comparison to other creatures aren’t recognizable. Revelation Verses although are the words of God, but addressed to one and in order to deliver him to perfection ...
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Abstract In religious language, God is superior existence and not only the sacred essence of theology, but his attributes and his word, in comparison to other creatures aren’t recognizable. Revelation Verses although are the words of God, but addressed to one and in order to deliver him to perfection and real bliss and only by regulated understanding will be absorbed into his divine nature. Therefore, understanding the revealed texts and understanding God's purpose-real put the man in the correct knowledge direction and the real guidance. Common methods of understanding in the present age, is understanding the hermeneutic of text; Contrary to the claims of some based on non-Muslim countries initiative, from long basics and ways of them employed by Muslim scholars and commentators. This document will briefly survey the methodic understanding of commentators and no only hermeneutic of the divine word and results the interpretation of the Qur'an, sometimes it truly seems to be realistically feasible, Because a variety of factors are effective in interpreter understanding and often the difference in commentators disagree of Interpretation of verses and understanding the Quran educations relates to the presence or absence and severity and weakness of these factors in preparations of interpretation of any commentators, factors such asliterature of verses and their rhetoric, text geography (space and revelation of the verses), commentator’s character and his viewpoints and age.
abbas ashrafi; mohadese abbas pour
Abstract
The Cry (weep) is one of the human conditions that it has the appearance and reality. Its appearance is physiological and its reality is internal and emotional factors related to the human spirit. Thecry like a laugh is one of the great gifts of God to man and it has different functions in the life and ...
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The Cry (weep) is one of the human conditions that it has the appearance and reality. Its appearance is physiological and its reality is internal and emotional factors related to the human spirit. Thecry like a laugh is one of the great gifts of God to man and it has different functions in the life and growth of individuals. The purpose of this paper is to identify and express the position of commendable cry (or weep) in the Quran and hadith.Islam has a special significance for commendable cry (or weep) and it is considered a special place for it.This research shows that the commendable cry (or weep) is three main types including: crying out of fear of retribution, crying for reward and crying for greatness and glory to God and his humiliation.
mansour pahlevan; Mahdieh Dehghani
Abstract
Abstract In the Holy Quran, the word of “verse’’ is used about different subjects such as the Quranic verses, miracles of the Prophets and natural phenomena and etc. what phenomena and with what characteristics is “the verse’’ in the Qur'an? This is a question that ...
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Abstract In the Holy Quran, the word of “verse’’ is used about different subjects such as the Quranic verses, miracles of the Prophets and natural phenomena and etc. what phenomena and with what characteristics is “the verse’’ in the Qur'an? This is a question that we find sixteen natural phenomena in the Quran which have been introduced as a “verse’’. Some of these phenomenalike the heavens and the earth have been introduced as "verse"repeatedly in the Quran, but there is mentioned only once some verses such as clothing and wife. To understand of the “verse’’ of various phenomena, often it is necessary attention to relationship between a phenomenon and other phenomena. This relationship is mostly a causal one. In the Holy Quran is considered different thingsas the verse repeatedly and there is mentioned that firstly, Causal relationship comes from God and secondly, this system is designed to make a profit in the human. In many verses that is introduced a natural phenomenon as “verse’’ are used the words about the sky and accordingly, we can say that the use of the word “verse’’ in the field of natural phenomena is associated with the concepts of the sky.
mehdi mardani; fatemeh masomi
Abstract
Abstract From the time the Nahj al-Balagha was compiled by Seyyed Razi till now, a lot of spurious doubts have been sown about its attribution to Imam Ali (AS) and its compiler. Documenting the detailed descriptions of Imam Ali (AS) about the creation of creatures as their argument, some of the Sunni ...
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Abstract From the time the Nahj al-Balagha was compiled by Seyyed Razi till now, a lot of spurious doubts have been sown about its attribution to Imam Ali (AS) and its compiler. Documenting the detailed descriptions of Imam Ali (AS) about the creation of creatures as their argument, some of the Sunni critics claim that the style of Imam Ali (AS)’s speeches is of the Abbasid era, and that such descriptions were not common in Imam Ali’s life (AS). However, after studying different literary, narrative, and historical texts as well as the historical analyses of their climate , the researchers have come to the conclusion that not only was this style in describing creatures common in the age of Imam Ali (AS), but also it had been common prior to his life among the Arab poets and orators. Hence, the words of critics and their opinions are considered and classified, and consequently criticized based on the historical documents. Furthermore, their spurious doubts prove to be groundless, for they have merely been raised to undermine the credibility of the Nahj al-Balagha.
mohammad hosein bayat; hamedeh rastai
Abstract
Human knows by his senses that inanimate objects are without understanding, but in the Qur'an, God says all creatures of the universe including humans, animals, plants and inanimate objects, are wise and intelligent. Also he attributes to them things like praise, worship, reverence and etc. Belief in ...
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Human knows by his senses that inanimate objects are without understanding, but in the Qur'an, God says all creatures of the universe including humans, animals, plants and inanimate objects, are wise and intelligent. Also he attributes to them things like praise, worship, reverence and etc. Belief in influence of Perfection in all things such as science, life and will, are from accepted principles in transcendental philosophy. Mulla Sadra proves the influence of science in all creatures with rational proofs, but it may seem that this view disagrees with celibacy of science which has been accepted by Mulla Sadra. In this article, we have tried to resolve this conflict or disagreement and we have proved that there is no conflict and Mulla Sadra has found its secret through the verses and hadiths.
ghasem faez; abolfazl norouzi; emad sadeghi
Abstract
Though some verses indicate the comprehensiveness of the Quran, some people take these verses as the evidence of the comprehensiveness of the Quran for everything. The apparent use of the verses and lack of understanding of them have led some to justify the divine purposes in these verses. This has led ...
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Though some verses indicate the comprehensiveness of the Quran, some people take these verses as the evidence of the comprehensiveness of the Quran for everything. The apparent use of the verses and lack of understanding of them have led some to justify the divine purposes in these verses. This has led to several conflicts among some of Islamic scholars pertaining to the Quranic subjects. Some scientists have generalized the comprehensiveness of the verses to all sciences, while others have restricted the comprehensiveness of the verses to the religious and theological issues. Seemingly, theses verses not only cannot explain all sciences, but also many religious affairs like some details of injunctions of Islam. The term “comprehensiveness of the Quran” is not in old books of Muslim, but the issue of "expanding the realm of the Quran" has been considered by Islamic scholars. Verse 89 of Nahl sura, verse 111 of Yusuf sura, verse 38 of Anaam sura, and similar verses refer to the comprehensiveness of the Quran in matters that lead to human perfection and happiness. Teaching sciences and different types of knowledge are not part of the mission of the Holy Quran. The meaning of the term "all things" in the above verses, according to the evidence and the context of the verses, is the general principles of religious affairs. Hence, the Quran as the constitution of the religion has stated the general principles of the religion, and the explanations of the details and exceptions were Prophet Mohammad (Pbuh)’s responsibility.
mohammad hosein bayat
Volume 7, Issue 22 , April 2016, , Pages 7-38
Abstract
The issue of sudden and appointed time of death of human has long been studied from by the Islamic interpreters. Some of the verses of the Holy Quran talks about indefinite time of death as: Pأَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَ اتَّقُوهُ وَ أَطیعُونِ * یَغْفِرْ ...
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The issue of sudden and appointed time of death of human has long been studied from by the Islamic interpreters. Some of the verses of the Holy Quran talks about indefinite time of death as: Pأَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَ اتَّقُوهُ وَ أَطیعُونِ * یَغْفِرْ لَکُمْ مِنْ ذُنُوبِکُمْ وَ یُؤَخِّرْکُمْ إِلی أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّی إِنَّ أَجَلَ اللَّهِ إِذا جاءَ لا یُؤَخَّرُ لَوْ کُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَO (نوح/ 3ـ4). That you should worship Allah and be careful of your duty to Him and obey Me, He will forgive some of your sins and grant you to an appointed term. However, some of other verses talk about certain time of death as: Pنَحْنُ قَدَّرْنا بَیْنَکُمُ الْمَوْتَ وَ ما نَحْنُ بِمَسْبُوقینَO(الواقعه/60). We have ordained death among you and We are not to be overcome. The writer of this paper, firstly, based on the verses and traditions, has proved the sudden and appointed time of death; secondly, based on the various degrees of science of Allah, he has proved that diversity of death is not inconsistent with each other because the sudden death returns to the appointed death.
saleh hasan zadeh
Abstract
God, man, and the world are the three main axes of human thought. Throughout history, important questions have been raised about them and all humanity’s intellectual effort has been directed towards these goals and finding correct and appropriate answers to these questions. Among these, knowing ...
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God, man, and the world are the three main axes of human thought. Throughout history, important questions have been raised about them and all humanity’s intellectual effort has been directed towards these goals and finding correct and appropriate answers to these questions. Among these, knowing humanity is of special importance. In the teachings of the holy Qur’an, man, after God, has been considered the most fundamental subject. The sending of prophets and holy books has been done in order for humanity to reach its final happiness. By giving special direction to sciences and wisdoms involved in educating and guiding mankind, the Qur’an considers materialistic and secular sciences to be the main reason for mankind’s decline. Human sciences practiced today have the 17th century Western culture as their origin. The Western account of the concept of humanity is the product of these sciences. This account of humanity has reduced the goal of science to secularism and humanism. Human in the Qur’an is the “comprehensive universe”. The Comprehensive Universe can accumulate in itself the perfections of all plants, animals, and angels. It is in this light that mankind is “The Best of Creation”, and as a result God is “The Best Creator”. Accordingly, a complete understanding of mankind is only made possible by understanding God. Today many anthropologists, despite incredible progress in psychology and psychoanalysis and their related sciences, have admitted their inability to understand mankind and have talked about a “crisis in anthropology”. Wise anthropologists say that man has three important aspects: 1) the personal materialistic aspect, 2) the social life aspect and 3) the spiritual aspect. Those who consider merely the first aspect and believe in absolute freedom for man, even though this freedom may be harmful to him, are unaware of the wondrous character of man and have neglected the important aspects of his being. And thosewho consider the first two aspects and ignore the third one, create an atmosphere that is devoid of moral and spiritual values. In this paper we address the following issues: 1. Aspects of humanity from a Quranic perspective 2. Direction of science according to the Qur’an 3. The superiority of mankind presented in the Quranic model over that of Western Culture’s model
mansour pahlavan; ghasem darzi
Abstract
The scholars and interpreters of the Qur'an have provided different meanings for interpretation. Some have focused on defining and explaining the terms, words and collocations, while others have attempted to decipher and gain insight into the purpose of God woven into the words. Disregarding the lacks ...
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The scholars and interpreters of the Qur'an have provided different meanings for interpretation. Some have focused on defining and explaining the terms, words and collocations, while others have attempted to decipher and gain insight into the purpose of God woven into the words. Disregarding the lacks inherent in those definitions and explanations, it is necessary to discuss the means that could takes us toward those aims. This research has shown that knowing Arab literature, poetry and words does not suffice for interpreting the Qur'an and those who have employed such means have been subject to errors and slips. It is also discussed that referring to the words and Hadith of the Prophet (pbuh) is the prerequisite of interpreting the Qur'an, and this has been substantiated by various evidence from the Qur'an and Hadith.
abas ashrafi; kobra soltani lorgani
Abstract
Quran, Avesta, sacrifice, offering, rites of Hajj, Gahanbar.
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Quran, Avesta, sacrifice, offering, rites of Hajj, Gahanbar.
Fathiyah Fattahizadeh; Arefeh Davoodi
Abstract
The holy prayer of Makarem Al-Akhlaq, the twentieth prayer of the book Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh, the memorial of Imam Sajjad, is the most ancient and authentic prayer of shias. Deficiencies which are in the evidence of this prayer have raised some questions about the accuracy of its assignment to Sayyed Al-Sajedin(AS); ...
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The holy prayer of Makarem Al-Akhlaq, the twentieth prayer of the book Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh, the memorial of Imam Sajjad, is the most ancient and authentic prayer of shias. Deficiencies which are in the evidence of this prayer have raised some questions about the accuracy of its assignment to Sayyed Al-Sajedin(AS); there are, however, various ways in reply to the doubts. In this research, after putting Makarem Al- Akhlaqnext next to Holy Quran, we tried to examine all types of intertextual relations between these two valuable books, by drawing on a descriptive-analytic approach, and to distinguish the amount and range of this influence. In so doing, we tried to take this way as an indication for accuracy of assignment of this sacred prayer. To this end, this question put forward “how is the role of Quran’s verses as an absent text in Makarem Al- Akhlaq prayer as a present text and how is the type of the most frequent type of the intertextual relation between these two texts”. To this end, first the nature of the intertextual relations and different types of them were examined as the theoretical state of the research and then various types of Quranic Intertextual relations were examined including structural Intertextual (accommodating and unaccommodating) and lexical and thematic (conceptual) in Makarem Al-Akhlaq. The results indicate that in this prayer the structural intertextual relations have received the most impression of Quran, and the most frequent type of the Intertextual relations is parallel negation state.
