Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 PhD Student of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Foreign Languages and Intercultural Studies, Bagher al-Uloom University, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
The concept of swearing in the Holy Quran is one of the important issues that should be discussed using the knowledge of cognitive semantics. In this research, conceptual metaphor theory and conceptual schemas based on volume category are used. The aim of the current research is to have a deep and comprehensive understanding of the concept of swearing in the Holy Quran according to a scientific method in interpretive studies of the Quran's conceptualization model. This article, which is the result of a research, is practical in terms of its purpose and has a descriptive-inferential nature in terms of the level of analysis, and relies on the library method in terms of method. First, the use of oaths in the Holy Quran is extracted and then it is analyzed based on the volume category. The result of the research was that in conceptualizing the oaths of the Holy Qur'an, the book of the Qur'an and the intellect are a symbol for spiritual guidance in the darkness of ignorance and misguidance so that man does not lose. The sun and the stars of the sky in the darkness of the sea and the land are sensory guides for man to go towards the truth. And if man hides the truth despite all the guiding symbols; God will fill hell with such people.
Introduction
The Holy Quran is a book of guidance and conceptualization for humans; considering that the Holy Qur'an is for man and based on his perceptual system, and the concept of guidance is an abstract concept, in order to conceptualize guidance, it is necessary to examine other concepts that are tangible and imaginable and a basis for the perception of other concepts and can be investigated in the new knowledge of semantics.
Among the new knowledge, which does a better conceptualization is cognitive semantics. Calling this new semantics, which is the result of the efforts of the old semantics and its continuation, in the service of the Qur'an and religious thinking, leads to achievements that are useful in the analysis of this heavenly book and one of its most frequent interpretations, which is oaths. And it can fix and correct the defects of the old semantics and provide new solutions.
Cognitive semantics examines the relationship between the conceptual system and the semantic structure encoded in language. In the analysis of Quranic interpretations, cognitive semantics is used a lot; the cognitive semantics of the Quran is, in a sense, an attempt to reach the cognitive map of this heavenly book. The semantics of the Qur'an are more fundamental than the interpretations; in semantics, the general framework governing the meanings of the verses is systematically examined.
Literature Review
Studies have been conducted on "Qur'an oaths" and "Cognitive Semantics"; the most important ones are mentioned in this section:
In a research titled "Research on the Oaths of the Holy Quran" by Mina Kamai in 1377, an attempt has been made to prove and emphasize the three principles of Monotheism, Prophethood, and Resurrection, and the relationship between "divided by and divided by" has been explained.
Regarding semantics, in the same year, Shirinpour Ebrahim and colleagues presented the concept of "insight" in the language of the Qur'an in the framework of cognitive semantics in Volume 2 of the Journal of Linguistic Research. Also, in an article entitled "Historical and Cultural Debates and Semantics of Holy Qur'an Oaths", Ahmad Paktachi researched in the Journal of Historical Studies of the Qur'an and Hadith No. 60 in 2015. In this article, the meaning of swearing is investigated with a combination of historical semantics and cultural semantics methods.
In a research in 2015 entitled "Cognitive Analysis of the Conceptual Structure of the Qur'an in the Framework of Foucault's Theory of Mental Spaces", Naghizadeh studies the conceptual structure of the Holy Qur'an within the scope of the fifteen-second parts, in order to evaluate its effectiveness in explaining the conceptual structures of the Qur'an; Fatemeh Abadi also wrote an article entitled "Conceptualization of Satan's/Iblis' influence in the system of guidance/misguidance based on the category of movement in the Holy Quran: a cognitive approach" in 1400.
In the aforementioned works, the historical debates of the word oath or the wisdom of oaths have been briefly examined, and no independent research has been conducted on the semantics and imaginary designs of oaths.
Methodology
This writing, which is the result of research, is practical in terms of its purpose, has a descriptive-inferential nature in terms of the level of analysis, and relies on the library method in terms of method. Collecting the desired data is through the receipt.
Conclusion
In this research, an attempt was made to conceptualize the effect of the oaths of the Qur'an in the guidance system based on the volume category, in the verses of the Holy Qur'an including 167 events in 142 verses of 54 surahs. The result of the research was that:
1- The volumetric category is one of the types of conceptual schemas that are the most important foundations of the conceptual structure of the oaths of the Qur'an.
2- According to the frequency of schemas, 33% of the oath verses have a volume schema, of which 10 of them are used with the letter "fi" which indicates a volume schema.
3- The letter "Fi" in the words "Raqqi Manshur, Dhi Hajr wa Qol, Sakrathem wa Aymankom" and the names "Al-Shams, Al-Mashareq, Al-Maghreeb, Al-Samaa, Mawaqee Al-Njoom and Al-Balad Al-Ama" "min" and also the verbs "tahaha, liyakhrujun", "Tajalli" and "Seji" indicate the volumetric schema.
4- According to the many examples that God has used imaginary schemas in the oaths of the Holy Quran, in fact, he has made the human mind embody things that he has not seen with his eyes, and with concrete and everyday examples, he helps to better understand the verses for man.
5- The use of imaginary designs is a step to advance and methodize the interpretation of the verses of the Holy Qur'an and has facilitated the conceptualization of the words of the Qur'an.
6- There is a connection and proportionality between the oaths of the Qur'an and its answer, which is more visible in some verses with volumetric patterns.
7- Volumetric schemas of "Al-Shams", "Al-Mashareq and Al-Maghrib", "Al-Samma", "Mawaqi'e Al-Nujjoom" and "This Country" are nominal symbols that depict the celebration of holy and honorable things.
8- In conceptualizing the oaths of the Holy Qur'an, the book of the Qur'an and the intellect are a symbol for spiritual guidance in the darkness of ignorance and misguidance so that man does not lose. But in the conceptualization based on the volumetric schemas of the oaths of the Holy Quran, the sun and the stars of the sky in the darkness and the sea and the land are sensory guides so that man can be guided towards the truth and the symbols of guidance on earth and the place of revelation. Man should go to the right. And if a person does not go towards the light despite all the tangible and visible guiding symbols, darkness covers such people and covers them with the rust of ignorance and stupidity, false darkness.
9- In explaining the relationship between the volume schemas of the verses and the system of guidance, based on what was mentioned in this research, there is a comprehensive picture of the effect of swearing in the guidance of humans affected by the sensory system and as a result, perceptible to the audience of the Qur'an. Perhaps it has been less noticed by the commentators. In all cases related to oaths, as an effective factor in guiding people, visual schemas remove doubt from God's true word and make it more manageable. And it causes people who are less talented and capable to accept the right to be guided to the light of guidance.
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