Ali Nouraei; Javad Salmanzadeh
Abstract
In his sequence of revelation theory, Noldeke uses various tools to discover the sequence of revelation. One of his most utilized and basic tools is "style". The present paper seeks to identify and study Noldeke's use of this tool with a descriptive-analytical method. It explains and evaluates his understanding ...
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In his sequence of revelation theory, Noldeke uses various tools to discover the sequence of revelation. One of his most utilized and basic tools is "style". The present paper seeks to identify and study Noldeke's use of this tool with a descriptive-analytical method. It explains and evaluates his understanding of the "style" and its application in this theory. The study shows that he considers the "style" as a way of expressing the meaning, purpose, and type of expressions used in the text. He uses "style" to determine the four-phase chronology of his theory, to separate some verses from surah, and to detect how a surah is descended. He also uses it as an instrument to testify other tools for discovering the sequence of revelation. However, his method to use "style" for discovering the sequence of revelation is incomplete and inaccurate, which has prevented Noldeke from achieving true and accurate results.
Abstract
A few ayahs of the Quran appear to violate famous rules of syntax for which different syntacticians have tried to provide explanations. However, the enemies of Islam have taken advantage of this fact, suggesting that the Quran is not a divine book, that it was written by a human being and, as a result, ...
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A few ayahs of the Quran appear to violate famous rules of syntax for which different syntacticians have tried to provide explanations. However, the enemies of Islam have taken advantage of this fact, suggesting that the Quran is not a divine book, that it was written by a human being and, as a result, it has many syntactic mistakes. This paper, via a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to provide a sound explanation for the diacritical marks of the abovementioned Quranic words. Having reviewed and criticized opposing views as well as great syntacticians’ views and readings of the Quran, the present study reached the following conclusions: None of the objections raised by the opposing side are acceptable insofar as they are all based on the language rules and conventions of pre-Islamic Arabia in its days of Jahiliyyah (ignorance) and, thus, can be explained by linguistic justifications. There is no historical account of any objection about the diacritical marks of Quranic words in the early days of Islam, especially before the emigration of the Prophet, by a pre-Islam rhetorician such as Mughira from among the enemies of Islam. Those who have found fault with the diacritical marks of Quranic words are from among the disbelievers, Christians and Orientalists; they either do not specialize in Arabic or are unaware of its subtleties. The goal of the enemies is to raise doubts among Muslims about their divine scripture.
Mohammad Ali Mahdavi Rad; Mahdi Habibolahi; Saeid Akhondi Yazdi
Abstract
The book of “Quranic Hermeneutics, Al-Tbrisī and the craft of commentary” written by Bruce Fudge is one of the most important works of orientalists about Majma Al-bayan‘s Tafsir. An Examination of the book indicates that in spite of Fudge‘s innovation and effort in some parts ...
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The book of “Quranic Hermeneutics, Al-Tbrisī and the craft of commentary” written by Bruce Fudge is one of the most important works of orientalists about Majma Al-bayan‘s Tafsir. An Examination of the book indicates that in spite of Fudge‘s innovation and effort in some parts of the book, there are some important problems and faults in it. In this article, after introducing Fudge and his works, we have provided a report on the content of the book. Furthermore, his ideas are evaluated both in terms of content of the book and the references. Given some parts of the book, we believe that Tabarsi has interpreted the Quran verses in accordance with his own ideas and beliefs, and this has been A deciding factor in Majma Al-bayan‘s Tafsir. Moreover, we hold that Majma Al-bayan is simply a copy of Al-Tūsī‘s al-Tibyān with some minor changes of the words. Finally, in this study, the aforementioned claims have been examined.
mohamad kazem shaker; Nancy Saki
Abstract
Abstract The issue of the finalization of Quran’s text in the past few decades, from the viewpoint of western Quran scholars known as revisionists, has been criticized. This group, with John Wensbrough as their head, the author of Quran Studies, and his students, have skeptically reviewed all the ...
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Abstract The issue of the finalization of Quran’s text in the past few decades, from the viewpoint of western Quran scholars known as revisionists, has been criticized. This group, with John Wensbrough as their head, the author of Quran Studies, and his students, have skeptically reviewed all the documents and sources of Muslims that are used in the finalization of the text of Quran. One of these sources is the Islamic narratives which, in the eyes of traditional orientalists such as Noldke and Shwaly, are historical documents with a pivotal role in solving this issue. On the other side, proponents of revision consider these narratives invalid and have created a challenge in the path of Islamic sources, the most important of them being the Quran. In recent years, some western Islam scholars, with their pioneer being Harold Mutsky, have regarded these narratives as valid historical documents by criticizing the viewpoint of revisionists. Harold Mutsky, by criticizing the views of his predecessors and contemporaries, by dating the narratives and collecting and codifying the Quran, has determined the finalization of Quran’s text to be the third quarter of the first century, which shows the finalization of Quran to be after the passing of the Prophet (pbuh). In this paper, in addition to describing his method his dating and codifying the Quran, we have complemented the results of these narratives in finalization of Quran’s text. Afterwards, by considering other narrative evidences, the results of dating during the third quarter of the first century has been reinforced.
