نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
عضو هیئت علمی گروه فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
چکیده
انسان موجودی مرکب از روح و بدن است و بخش اصیل وجود انسان، روح غیرمادی اوست. بر اساس متون اسلامی تکامل روح به معنای تقویت خودآگاهی انسان است. خودآگاهی در قرآن کریم به معنای بازیابی حقیقت خویش به‌واسطه پرورش استعدادهای فطری است. خداوند تمام عالم را دارای شعور و آگاهی میداند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، تبیین مبانی فلسفی خودآگاهی در قرآن کریم و انعکاس تربیتی خودآگاهی در سبک زندگی اسلامی است. این مقاله از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی است و با رویکرد کیفی و روش تحلیل محتوا از نوع قیاسی، مبتنی بر مطالعه اسنادی (کتابخانهای) انجامشده است. بر این اساس ابتدا به ایضاح خودآگاهی و مبانی فلسفی آن از منظر قرآن پرداخته شد و درنهایت انعکاس تربیتی خودآگاهی در سبک زندگی اسلامی استنباط شد ازجمله پذیرش مسئولیت در زندگی، تمرین عزم و پرورش اراده، خویشتن بانی در مواجهه با چالشهای زندگی، خروج از غفلت‌ها در زندگی، دستیابی به نشاط.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Explanation of the Philosophical Foundations of Self-Awareness in the Holy Qur’an and Educational Reflection of Self-Awareness in Islamic Lifestyle
نویسنده [English]
- shirin rashidi
Member of faculty, Department of Philosophy of Islamic Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University
چکیده [English]
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Man is a being composed of soul and body, and the original part of man's existence is his immaterial soul. According to Islamic texts, the development of the soul means strengthening man's self-awareness. Self-awareness in the Holy Quran means recovering one's truth through the development of innate talents. In the Islamic education system, "self-awareness" is a necessary and essential basis for entering the fields of education and training. In this approach, until a precise and complete understanding of man and his existential position and truth is achieved, education and training that is responsible for guiding and directing human life will not bear fruit, and the goal that will lead to human happiness and perfection will not be achieved Self-awareness training as a part of the education system can strengthen self-knowledge, self-confidence, establish interpersonal relationships, control emotions, manage stressful situations, and solve individual problems and issues. The research findings have been compiled based on the documentary method, focusing on explaining the philosophical foundations of self-awareness in the Holy Quran and the educational reflection of self-awareness in the Islamic lifestyle.
Literature Review
So far, no comprehensive research has been conducted on the “role of self-awareness in lifestyle with an emphasis on the teachings of Islam”. The research conducted has been mainly partial and separate, focusing on “self-awareness from the perspective of psychology” (Hosseina and Saadipour, 2012; Seif, 2012; Akbari and Fargat, 2019; Nikofard and Salahi, 2019), “self-awareness from the perspective of thinkers” (Jaffari et al., 2019; Eshaghi-Nasab and Zamaniha, 2015; Rezazadeh and Emami, 2017; Elami-Sola and Lal-Sahebi, 2016; Hosseini, 2016; Saeidi et al., 2016; Najmabadi and Dehbashi, 2019), “Investigating self-awareness from a philosophical perspective” (Sharifi, 2019), or “Designing a self-awareness model based on Islamic sources.” (Abbasi and Omidian, 2012; Darreki et al., 2013; Moameddi et al., 2013; Maroti et al., 2019).
Methodology
The present research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach. Applied research aims to test and investigate the possibility of applying knowledge and selects its subject in education from everyday educational and training issues (Delavar, 2012: 31). To carry out this research, the qualitative comparative content analysis method was used. In content analysis, the researcher seeks to analyze and describe the content. In content analysis, the elements and content in question are collected, classified, and analyzed (Hafez-Niya, 2010: 75-77). One of the content analysis techniques is categorical analysis, which is based on the operation of cutting the text into specific units and then classifying these units into categories that are classified according to similarity (Khanifer and Moslemmi, 2019: 79-82). Deductive logic moves from the whole to the part and from theory to experience and observation (Tabrizi, 2014). Qualitative-deductive content analysis is the systematic highlighting and expression of scattered points regarding the subject and categories. Its starting point is theories, procedures, existing research, and expert knowledge, and its interpretation process includes inference based on the category, code and their relationships. The output of the qualitative-deductive content analysis is concepts and categories explaining the subject in the form of a conceptual map (Mohseni, Tabrizi and Salimi, 2012). The scope of the present study is all verses of the Holy Quran that contain the meaning and concept of self-awareness, which will be studied and analyzed using a purposeful sampling method and referring to the interpretations of the Holy Quran. The data collection tool in the present study was a card, so that texts related to the research topic were recorded in these cards. In this way, it will be clear which information was extracted from which verse of the Quran.
Results
On the basis of ontology, one of the most important components is thinking within man, and thinking within man is the initiator of self-knowledge.
*On the basis of epistemology, the factor of insight and reasoning is considered the basis of self-awareness, and the knowledge of the self is referred to as the mother of knowledge.
*The collection of Quranic verses on the basis of value theory is self-awareness combined with dignity and esteem for the status of humanity.
*On the basis of anthropology, when a person is on the path of self-awareness, he is on the path of actualization.
In this study, the educational reflection of self-awareness in human lifestyle was inferred, including accepting responsibility in life, practicing determination and cultivating willpower, self-control in facing life's challenges, overcoming neglect in life, and achieving joy.
Conclusion
In this regard, we will present some suggestions for applying the achievements of the present study: First, the Islamic education system should produce wise individuals who can help contemporary men by answering fundamental questions and reducing their theoretical and practical confusion and bewilderment. Second, considering the importance and significant impact of self-awareness in educating human souls, efforts should be made by educators and trainers to use methods such as self-care in the Islamic education system. Third, considering the fact that man will not be immortal in this world and will die one day, it is necessary to teach the desired insights in this field to the trainee and to guide his performance towards a dignified death. Fourth, considering the Quranic basis that all humans have a divine nature, both in terms of insights and tendencies, it is necessary to use all educational methods to develop a divine nature. Also, in the curriculum for developing self-awareness, attention should be paid to different types of self-awareness, including physical, emotional, social, spiritual, etc., in the form of course content in teaching-learning processes, and the category of self-awareness should be avoided from being one-dimensional
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Holy Qur’an
- Philosophical Foundations
- Self-Awareness
- Lifestyle
- Educational Reflection
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